在分析永磁接触器吸合特性的基础上，提出位移分段的控制策略，实时检测接触器动铁心位移，并据此调整控制电压脉宽调制(pulse width modulation，PWM)占空比，使接触器的动态吸力和反力特性达到良好的配合，实现最优运动特性下的吸合控制。建立在位移分段PWM智能化控制下吸合过程的动态特性方程，耦合电压平衡方程和机械运动方程，采用4阶龙格–库塔算法仿真永磁接触器整个吸合动态过程。仿真结果与实验测量较吻合，验证了动态特性方程和仿真方法的正确性。最后，针对提出的控制策略，通过实验比较了4种不同分段的PWM控制方案，选出了最佳，可显著降低永磁接触器动触头及动铁心的闭合速度，并减少由其碰撞带来的触头一、二次弹跳。

A control strategy of displacement subsection was proposed based on analyzing closing characteristics of permanent magnet (PM) contactor. The armature displacement was detected in real time so as to adjust the pulse width modulation (PWM) duty ratio of control voltage. The dynamics attraction force and anti-force characteristics of PM contactor matched well so that the optimum closing control characteristics was achieved. Dynamic characteristic equation of closing process under the PWM intelligent control of displacement subsection was established by coupling the voltage equivalence equation and mechanical motion equation. Simulation results of the whole closing dynamic process of PM contactor using 4-order Runge-Kutta method coincided with experimental results well, so the validity of dynamic characteristic equation and simulation method was verified. Finally, an optimum control method was proposed by comparing four different subsection PWM control methods experimentally with the proposed control strategy, which could decrease the closing velocity of movable contact and armature of PM contactor significantly, and could reduce the first and the second contact bounces.

国家863高技术基金项目(2006AA05Z224)；江苏省“青蓝工程”基金项目。