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中国电机工程学报 2010, 30(2) 98-103 DOI: ISSN: 0258-8013 CN: 11-2107/TM

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动力机械与工程

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	本文关键词相关文章
	汽轮机
	振动
	故障诊断
	高阶谱
	1(1/2)维谱
	本文作者相关文章
	严可国
	柳亦兵
	徐鸿
	周雁冰
	PubMed
	Article by Yan,K.G
	Article by Liu,Y.B
	Article by Xu,h
	Article by Zhou,Y.B

基于双谱分析的大型汽轮机振动故障特性提取

严可国，柳亦兵，徐鸿，周雁冰

电站设备状态监测与控制教育部重点实验室(华北电力大学)

摘要：汽轮机轴系振动通常以与转速同步的频率(基频)及其谐波成分为主，具有典型的亚高斯信号特征，多数轴系故障均表现为某些谐波成分的变化，并且谐波间存在一定程度的非线性耦合作用，使得基于二阶统计量的功率谱分析技术在故障原因分析和特征提取方面受到限制。该文针对大型汽轮机组在实际运行中出现的某种具有半频特征的不稳定振动现象，将高阶谱应用于实测轴系振动信号分析，通过对比分析稳定状态和不稳定状态下振动信号的双谱和1(1/2)分数维谱，确定引起不稳定振动的半频成分的非线性谐波耦合特性。在此基础上，提出采用双谱的边际谱以及1(1/2)分数维谱中对应成分作为特征值，对不稳定振动现象的变化趋势进行监测。分析结果表明，这种特征提取方法可以更加明显地表现异常振动的变化，具有故障反映灵敏度高的特点，并可以有效抑制测量振动信号中的高斯噪声，可以为自动故障诊断提供更有效的特征参数。

关键词：汽轮机振动故障诊断高阶谱 1(1/2)维谱

Fault Feature Extraction of Large Steam Turbine Based on Bispectra Analysis of Vibration Signal

YAN Ke-guo, LIU Yi-bing, XU Hong, ZHOU Yan-bing

Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment(North China Electric Power University), Ministry of Education

Abstract: Shaft vibration of large steam turbine has a characteristic of sub-Gausian signal with predominant component of rotating speed and its harmonics. Most of faults occurred on shaft indicate the change of harmonics with nonlinear coupling reciprocity from each other, that makes it difficulty to identify the fault source and extract the fault feature from vibration signals by means of power spectra analysis based on second-order statistical analysis. This paper took a non-stable vibration phenomenon of a large steam turbine as a example and made use of high-order statistical analysis to determine the characteristic of fault with half harmonic. By comparing the bispectra and 1(1/2) dimension spectra of vibration signals under stable station with unstable station, the feature of nonlinear coupling of harmonics of this fault component was analyzed. A method for fault feature extraction was proposed by using the corresponding component in side-spectra of bispectra and in 1(1/2) dimension spectra as feature values to monitor the trend of unstable vibration. Results show that those values are more sensitive to fault and can reduce the noise in vibration signals, so as are suitable for automatic diagnosis of fault.

Keywords: steam turbine vibration fault diagnosis high-order spectrum 1(1/2) spectrum

收稿日期 2009-01-23 修回日期 2009-06-18 网络版发布日期 2010-01-27

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国家863高技术研究与发展计划项目(2008AA04Z410)。

通讯作者: 柳亦兵

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