电能质量扰动的参数估计是电能质量分析的重要内容之一，可为电能质量的控制与管理提供定量参考信息。该文提出了基于电量参数分析的扰动参数估计方法。从电量参数的角度将电能质量扰动划分为3类，在时域中构造了3个物理意义明确、不受其他扰动影响的特征量。这3个特征量可对扰动进行参数估计，且计算量小、抗噪性强。可估计的参数有谐波总畸变率、电压波动周期及波动值、电压下跌的起止时刻和下跌幅度、振荡暂态的起始时刻及振荡参数、切痕的深度与时间的乘积。对于混合扰动，可估计下跌与谐波、波动与谐波、谐波与振荡暂态、下跌与切痕的主要参数，且其估计精度与单一扰动接近。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。

Parameter estimation of power quality disturbances is one of the important contents of power quality analysis. The estimated parameter will be a quantitive reference for power quality control and management. A method for disturbance parameter estimation was presented based on the analysis of electrical parameters. In the proposed method, power quality disturbance was divided into three categories according to the characteristics of electrical parameters. Three parameters that have definite meaning and are hardly influenced by other disturbances were derived in time domain. The three parameters can be used in parameter estimation of disturbances with lower computational load and characteristic of being better anti-noised. The estimable parameters include the total harmonic distortion, voltage fluctuation period and value, the start-terminal time of voltage sags and the sagging amplitude, the start-terminal time of oscillatory transients and its oscillatory parameters, the products of the notches depth and time. For the mixed disturbances, the main parameters of sags-harmonic, fluctuation-harmonic, harmonic-oscillatory transients and sags-notches can be estimated with similar accuracy to those by single disturbance. Simulation results show the proposed method is effective.