单元机组动态特性复杂，是机炉协调控制系统研究工作中的难点问题之一。文中从数学分析和物理概念两方面阐述汽包炉蒸发区热平衡方程与整个单元机组的全局热量平衡的关系，进而揭示并解释回热系统和给水扰动对汽包炉动态特性的本质影响。所得结论，可以克服汽包炉蒸发区热平衡方程的局限性，保证其全局及蒸发区热平衡方程均符合能量守恒定律。阐释了原模型所存在问题的根源，并针对该不足进行了改进，使汽包炉动态特性数学模型的本质更加符合或接近客观实际。

The complexity of unit dynamic character is one of the difficult problems in the research work on the boiler-turbine coordinated control system. The connections between the heat balance equation of drum-boiler evaporation segment and the global heat balance of drum-boiler turbine generator unit was described from mathematical analysis and physical conception. Moreover, the disturbance of feed-water and heat recovery system having effect on the dynamic character of drum-boiler was revealed and explained. The conclusion is that the localization of drum-boiler evaporation segment heat balance can be overcome, ensuring the heat balance equation of the global and evaporation segment to accord with the energy conservation law, explaining the root of issue of the old model and improve on it aim at its shortage, making the essence of the mathematical model more accord with or close to objective reality.

中国电力科学研究院科技创新基金项目(ZDKJB200712)。